[Meet my Lab] CMB Inflate : Contributing to the understanding of the origins of Universe and more specifically the physics of the INFLATION phase

EURAXESS ASEAN with EURAXESS Japan present ‘Meet my Lab’ - a virtual meeting point for researchers in ASEAN and across the world to learn from, to connect & to collaborate with each other.

This session will feature CMB-INFLATE a Marie Sklodowska Curie Actions RISE project involving a wide consortium of research partners:

This 'Meet my Lab' session will take place on 8 June 2021 10 AM CET/ 15:00 +GMT 7 /16:00 +GMT8/ 17:00 +GMT9

What is this?

‘Meet my Lab’ is a virtual meeting point profiling researchers and their work. The presenters will share their

research work and present opportunities for collaboration. The focus is on interactivity - audience members can ask questions and engage with the presenter(s) and with each other.

Who can participate?

Meet my Lab’ is explicitly open to the world! We welcome researchers at all career stages and of all nationalities.

Participants should have an interest in international research collaboration!

Participation is free of charge. Seats will be allocated on a first come first served basis.

The topic: The main goal of CMB-INFLATE is to build a community of scientists dedicated to the development of innovative analysis of large angular scale CMB polarization data to identify the inflation mechanism.

CMB-INFLATE will focus on: (1) modelling hardware developed over three continents, including polarization modulators, optical systems, and detectors; (2) the develop ment and implementation of innovative techniques to mitigate systematics from the sky and the instrument. Such advances will be obtained by a large scale international consortium including instrumentalists, data analysis experts and theoreticians.

A few background features in basic physical cosmology:

Inflation: In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the early universe. Inflation theory uses General relativity to model the inflation mathematically. The inflationary epoch lasted from 10−36 seconds prior the conjectured Big Bang singularity to some time between 10−33 and 10−32 seconds.

Based on the Standard Model of Cosmology, the universe has been expanding. The classical Big Bang theory assumes that the universe expanded at the same rate throughout universal history. But several problems are related with it:

Pbe-1: Origin of large-scale structures, such as galaxies. Inflation theory says that in a slow expansion of the universe, quantum fluctuations were only on the tiny distance scales; when the universe experienced a brief period of inflation, however, these quantum fluctuations were "stretched" much larger to cause density fluctuations.The places of higher density later caused matter to clump in those locations and form large-scale objects.

Pbe-2: The temperature uniformity in the universe: why is the temperature so evenly distributed ? Inflation says that objects that were previously in close proximity to one another were separated very quickly during a period of inflation, so the temperature balance was still held. In the classical Big Bang theory this was a problem because the uniform expansion would mean that objects would have to travel many times the speed of light to maintain temperature balance.

Pbe-3: Magnetic monopoles. Why do we no longer see magnetic monopoles in our universe? Inflation says that the few existing monopoles were so dispersed during periods of inflation that it is virtually impossible to find them now.

CMB: Cosmic Microwaves Background

Why use CMB ? The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation was emitted when the Universe was 380,000 years old and is observed today in specific very low temperatures: 2.7 K (approximately -270 Celsius degree). It is a wonderful probe to study the evolution of the Universe. Tiny anisotropies in its temperature and polarization are induced by quantum scalar (density) and tensor fluctuations (gravitational waves, GW) generated during inflation. Primordial GW imprinted a unique parity-odd pattern on CMB polarization, called B-modes. Such modes, undetected as of today, are a direct probe of the poorly known physics of inflation, and main target of several forthcoming observational projects.

REGISTER

Moderator: Dr. Jenny Lind Elmaco - EURAXESS ASEAN

Event Intro - Introduction of speakers

Dr. Guillaume PATANCHON - Paris University - FRANCE - Coordinator

CMB Science: primordial gravitational waves and Universe Inflation

Dr. Ermina Calabrese - Cardiff University - UK

CMB-INFLATE - Project introduction

Dr. Guillaume PATANCHON - Paris University - FRANCE - Coordinator

Observation strategies and cosmological data

Prof. Dr. Hirokazu ISHINO - Okayama University - JAPAN

CMB instrumentation and detectors

Dr. Hoang Duc THUONG - University of Science and Technology of Hanoi – VIETNAM

High precision data and instrument modelling

Dr. Paolo NATOLI - University of Ferrara – ITALY

Early steps of the "MSCA"-CMB-INFLATE proposal building phase - Logistics

Dr. Bernard Chenevier – Okayama University-- on leave from CNRS from 2014 --- JAPAN

OPEN FORUM

Closing Remarks

Dr. Judit Erika Magyar, Country Coordinator, EURAXESS JAPAN