Description
DEADLINE: 15th June 2021
- Keywords
addictive disorders , psychiatric disorders , food addiction , liver transplantation , addiction transfer addiction switch, ADHD
- Profile and skills required
Do a regular monitoring of the scientific literature in line with the
objectives of the scientific project, including a critical appraisal of
these articles; regularly update the methodological aspects related to
the project.
- Write a literature review summarizing these different articles and
update this literature review with the new published/accepted papers.
- Identify the current gaps in knowledge as well as the opportunities
for scientific advances and new directions for research, identify and
address the keys issues and the controversies related to the scientific
topic.
- Analyze and discuss the project results in line with the primary
and the secondary objectives, and choose which results should be
integrated in a publication in a scientific Journal.
- Present the key results of the study during oral communications and
invited talks, by using the adequate ways to disseminate the results.
- Publish the key results as a first author in at least one JCR-referenced scientific Journal.
- Accept external criticism and different points of view; being able
to question personal points of view/scientific ideas and renew the way
of thinking using external advices/points of view.
Level of French required: Proficient/Current: You can use the language with ease and fluency in arguing complex issues.
Level of English required: Upper Intermediate: You can use the language effectively and express yourself accurately.
- Project description
Alcohol use disorders and food addiction/compulsive eating behavior
are two prevalent disorders that share some vulnerability risk factors
(i.e., higher prevalence for psychiatric disorders, especially
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress
disorder, and other affective disorders; higher impulsivity; low
interoceptive awareness). When one addictive disorder has to remit due
to a forced-withdrawal (e.g. when there is limited availability of the
substance or the behavior) and when there is the concomitant maintenance
of its risk factors, some authors hypothesized the possibility of an
addiction transfer/addiction switch, i.e., the risk for a second
addictive disorder after the remission of the first one.
Addiction transfer from alcohol to food or from food to alcohol have
been hypothesized to occur in vulnerable individuals, but we lack an
understanding of its prevalence and of its risk factors. The study of
addiction transfer between alcohol and food is easier in populations who
report both a high prevalence for one of these two addictive disorders,
and who have a limited availability to either alcohol or food due to a
forced abstinence. Bariatric surgery patients, who report a high
preoperative prevalence for food addiction/binge eating disorder, and
liver transplantation patients, who report a high preoperative
prevalence for alcohol use disorders, are two populations well-suited
for the study of addiction transfer between food and alcohol.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of addiction transfer
between alcohol and food as well as its risk factors in these two
at-risk populations: (1) addiction transfer from food to alcohol in
patients undergoing obesity surgery and specification of its risk
factors; (2) addiction transfer from alcohol to food in patients
transplanted for an alcohol-related cirrhosis.
- References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical
manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American
Psychiatric Publishing. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
Blaszczynski, A., & Nower, L. (2002). A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling. Addiction, 97(5), 487–499.
Bogusz, K., Kopera, M., Jakubczyk, A., Trucco, E. M., Kucharska, K.,
Walenda, A., & Wojnar, M. (n.d.). Prevalence of alcohol use disorder
among individuals who binge eat: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Addiction, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15155
Brunault, P., Salamé, E., Jaafari, N., Courtois, R., Réveillère, C.,
Silvain, C., Benyamina, A., Blecha, L., Belin, D., & Ballon, N.
(2015). Why do liver transplant patients so often become obese? The
addiction transfer hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses, 85(1), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.026
Burra, P., Senzolo, M., Adam, R., Delvart, V., Karam, V., Germani,
G., & Neuberger, J. (2010). Liver Transplantation for Alcoholic
Liver Disease in Europe: A Study from the ELTR (European Liver
Transplant Registry). American Journal of Transplantation, 10(1),
138–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02869.x
Ivezaj, V., Wiedemann, A. A., & Grilo, C. M. (2017). Food
addiction and bariatric surgery: A systematic review of the literature.
Obesity Reviews, 18(12), 1386–1397. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12600
Ivezaj, Valentina, Saules, K. K., & Wiedemann, A. A. (2012). “I
didn’t see this coming.”: Why are postbariatric patients in substance
abuse treatment? Patients’ perceptions of etiology and future
recommendations. Obesity Surgery, 22(8), 1308–1314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-012-0668-2
King, W. C., Chen, J.-Y., Mitchell, J. E., Kalarchian, M. A.,
Steffen, K. J., Engel, S. G., Courcoulas, A. P., Pories, W. J., &
Yanovski, S. Z. (2012). Prevalence of alcohol use disorders before and
after bariatric surgery. JAMA, 307(23), 2516–2525. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.6147
Noel, X., Brevers, D., & Bechara, A. (2013). A neurocognitive
approach to understanding the neurobiology of addiction. Current Opinion
in Neurobiology, 23(4), 632–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.018
Steffen, K. J., Engel, S. G., Wonderlich, J. A., Pollert, G. A.,
& Sondag, C. (2015). Alcohol and Other Addictive Disorders Following
Bariatric Surgery: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Possible Etiologies.
European Eating Disorders Review: The Journal of the Eating Disorders
Association, 23(6), 442–450. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2399
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